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A termite nest can be considered as being composed of 2 parts, the inanimate and the animate. The animate is all the termites living inside the colony, and the inanimate part is the construction itself, which can be constructed by the termites. Nests can be broadly separated into three main classes: subterranean (entirely below ground), epigeal (protruding above the soil surface), and arboreal (built above ground, but always connected to the ground via shield tubes).184 Epigeal nests (mounds) protrude from the ground with ground contact and are made from earth and mud.

Most termites construct underground colonies rather than multifunctional nests and mounds.186 Primitive termites of now nest in wooden structures such as logs, stumps and the dead parts of trees, as did termites millions of years back.184.

To construct their nests, termites primarily use faeces, which have many desirable properties as a construction material. Other building materials include partially digested plant material, used in carton nests (arboreal nests built from faecal elements and timber ), and soil, used in subterranean nest and mound construction. Not all nests are visible, as many nests in tropical forests are situated underground.186 Species in the subfamily Apicotermitinae are great examples of subterranean nest contractors, as they only reside inside tunnels.

Nests and mounds shield the termites' soft bodies against desiccation, mild, pathogens and parasites, in addition to providing a fortification against predators.188 Nests made out of carton are particularly weak, and thus the inhabitants utilize counter-attack approaches against invading predators. .

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Arboreal carton nests of mangrove swamp-dwelling Nasutitermes are enriched in lignin and depleted in cellulose and xylans. This change is caused by bacterial decay in the gut of their termites: they utilize their faeces as a carton building substance. Arboreal termites nests can account for as much as 2% of above ground carbon storage in Puerto Rican mangrove swamps.

Some species build complex nests known as polycalic nests; this habitat is known as polycalism. Polycalic species of termites sort multiple nests, or calies, connected with subterranean chambers.107 The termite genera Apicotermes and Trinervitermes are known to possess polycalic species.191 Polycalic nests seem to be less frequent in mound-building species but polycalic arboreal nests have been found in a few species of Nasutitermes.191.

Nests are considered mounds if they protrude from the earth's surface. A mound provides termites the exact same protection for a nest but is stronger.189 Mounds located in regions having torrential and continuous rainfall are at risk of mound erosion due to their clay-rich construction. Those made from carton can provide protection against the rain, and in fact can withstand high precipitation.

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For instance, Cubitermes colonies construct narrow tunnels used as strong points, since the diameter of the tunnels is small enough for troops to block.192 A highly secure room, known as the"queens mobile", houses the queen and king and is employed as a final line of defence. .

Species in the genus Macrotermes arguably build the most complex structures in the insect world, constructing enormous mounds. These mounds are among the biggest in the world, reaching a height of 8 to 9 metres (26 to 29 feet), and consist of chimneys, pinnacles and ridges.56 Another termite species, Amitermes meridionalis, can build nests 3 to 4 metres (9 to 13 ft ) high and 2.5 metres (8 ft ) wide.

The sculptured mounds sometimes have fancy and distinctive types, such as the ones of their compass termite (Amitermes meridionalis and A. laurensis), which builds tall, wedge-shaped mounds with the long axis oriented about northsouth, my response which gives them their common name.194195 This orientation has been experimentally shown to help thermoregulation. The north-south orientation causes the internal temperature of a mound to increase quickly during the morning when avoiding overheating from the midday sun.

Termites construct shelter tubes, also known as earthen tubes or sand tubes, that begin in the ground. These shelter tubes can be found on walls and other structures.197 Constructed by termites during the night, a time of higher humidity, these tubes provide protection to termites from potential predators, especially ants.198 Shelter tubes also give high humidity and darkness and allow workers to collect food look these up sources that cannot be obtained in any other way.197 All these passageways are made from soil and faeces and are normally brown in color.

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They range from less than 1 cm to several cm in width, but may extend dozens of yards in length.198.

Owing to their own wood-eating habits, many termite species can do significant damage to unprotected buildings and other wooden constructions.199 Termites play an important role as decomposers of wood and vegetative material, and the conflict with humans happens where structures and landscapes containing structural timber components, cellulose derived structural materials and ornamental vegetation provide termites with a trusted source of food and moisture.200;Their habit of remaining concealed often results in their presence being undetected until the timbers are severely damaged, leaving a thin layer of a wall which protects them from the environment.201 Of the 3,106 species known, only 183 species cause harm; 83 species cause significant damage to wooden structures.199 In North America, 18 subterranean species are pests202; in Australia, 16 species have an economic effect; in the Indian subcontinent 26 species are great post to read considered pests, and in tropical Africa, 24.